What is Fullstack?
TL;DR
Fullstack refers to developers who work with both frontend (what users see) and backend (server and database), handling the complete technology stack.
Example
Fullstack developer skills:
Frontend:
- HTML, CSS, JavaScript
- React, Vue, or Angular
- Responsive design
- User experience
Backend:
- Node.js, Python, or similar
- Database management
- API development
- Server configuration
DevOps:
- Deployment
- Version control (Git)
- Basic security
- Performance optimization
Why "stack"? Technologies are "stacked" on each other:
- Database layer
- Server layer
- Application layer
- Client layer
A fullstack developer understands all layers.
Explanation
Popular Tech Stacks
MERN Stack: MongoDB, Express, React, Node.js JavaScript everywhere.
MEAN Stack: MongoDB, Express, Angular, Node.js Enterprise-focused.
LAMP Stack: Linux, Apache, MySQL, PHP Traditional, still widely used.
Modern Fullstack: Next.js, PostgreSQL, TypeScript Current best practice.
Specialist vs. Generalist
Specialists: Deep expertise in one area. Best for complex, specific problems.
Fullstack (Generalists): Broad knowledge across areas. Best for smaller teams, MVPs, versatility.
Most teams need a mix of both.
Why It Matters
For Business Owners
Fullstack developers are efficient for small projects. One person can build a complete MVP. No coordination overhead between specialists.
Fullstack developers understand the big picture. They can identify if a problem is frontend, backend, or integration-related.
Cost-effective for startups. Hiring one fullstack developer costs less than separate frontend and backend specialists.
Trade-off: Depth vs. breadth. Fullstack developers may not have the deep expertise of specialists in any one area.
When to Hire Fullstack
- Building an MVP or prototype
- Small team (1-3 developers)
- Need versatility over specialization
- Budget constraints
- Rapid development required
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